Understanding Acne: Causes, Treatments & When to See a Doctor

Acne is one of the most common skin conditions in the world, affecting people of all ages—though it's most commonly associated with teenagers and young adults. At Global Health, we know how much acne can impact not just your skin, but your self-confidence and emotional well-being too.

Let’s take a closer look at what causes acne, how it can be managed, and when it’s time to seek medical help.

What is Acne?

Acne occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil (sebum) and dead skin cells. This leads to blackheads, whiteheads, pimples, and in more severe cases, cysts or nodules.

There are different types of acne:

• Blackheads and whiteheads (non-inflammatory)

• Papules and pustules (inflammatory)

• Cystic acne (more severe, deeper inflammation)

Common Causes of Acne

• Hormonal changes: especially during puberty, menstruation, or pregnancy

• Stress: can worsen acne through hormonal fluctuations

• Diet: high glycemic foods, dairy, or certain fats may trigger breakouts in some individuals

• Cosmetic products: especially if not labeled non-comedogenic

• Medications: some drugs like corticosteroids or lithium can cause acne

How to Manage Acne

There are several ways to manage mild to moderate acne at home:

1. Gentle cleansing: wash your face twice daily with a mild cleanser

2. Avoid scrubbing or harsh exfoliants

3. Over-the-counter treatments: containing benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, or retinoids

4. Oil-free skincare and makeup

5. Consistent routine: acne treatments often take 6–8 weeks to show results

   
   
   
   

When to See a Doctor

You should consider speaking with a medical professional if:

• Over-the-counter products aren’t working

• You have deep, painful cysts or nodules

• Acne is leaving scars or affecting your confidence

• You suspect hormonal imbalances or other underlying conditions

  
  

At Global Health, our dermatology and general medicine teams are available for online consultations. We can assess your condition and recommend personalized treatments.